雑誌名:Science
論文タイトル:Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples
著者:T. Nakamura1, M. Matsumoto1, K. Amano1, Y. Enokido1, M. E. Zolensky2, T. Mikouchi3, H. Genda4, S. Tanaka5,6, M. Y. Zolotov7, K. Kurosawa8, S. Wakita9, R. Hyodo5, H. Nagano10, D. Nakashima1, Y. Takahashi11,12, Y. Fujioka1, M. Kikuiri1, E. Kagawa1, M. Matsuoka13,14, A. J. Brearley15, A. Tsuchiyama16,17,18, M. Uesugi19, J. Matsuno16, Y. Kimura20, M. Sato11, R. E. Milliken21, E. Tatsumi22,11, S. Sugita11,8, T. Hiroi21, K. Kitazato23, D. Brownlee24, D. J. Joswiak24, M. Takahashi1, K. Ninomiya25, T. Takahashi26,27, T. Osawa28, K. Terada29, F. E. Brenker30, B. J. Tkalcec30, L. Vincze31, R. Brunetto32, A. Aléon-Toppani32, Q. H. S. Chan33, M. Roskosz34, J.-C. Viennet34, P. Beck35, E. E. Alp36, T. Michikami37, Y. Nagaashi38,1, T. Tsuji39,40, Y. Ino41,5, J. Martinez2, J. Han42, A. Dolocan43, R. J. Bodnar44, M. Tanaka45, H. Yoshida11, K. Sugiyama46, A. J. King47, K. Fukushi48, H. Suga49, S. Yamashita 50,51, T. Kawai11, K. Inoue48, A. Nakato5, T. Noguchi52,53, F. Vilas54, A. R. Hendrix54, C. Jaramillo-Correa55, D. L. Domingue54, G. Dominguez56, Z. Gainsforth57, C. Engrand58, J. Duprat34, S. S. Russell47, E. Bonato59, C. Ma60, T. Kawamoto61, T. Wada1, S. Watanabe5,26, R. Endo62, S. Enju63, L. Riu64, S. Rubino32, P. Tack31, S. Takeshita65, Y. Takeichi50,51,66, A. Takeuchi19, A. Takigawa11, D. Takir2, T. Tanigaki67, A. Taniguchi68, K. Tsukamoto1, T. Yagi69, S. Yamada70, K. Yamamoto71, Y. Yamashita69, M. Yasutake19, K. Uesugi19, I. Umegaki72,65, I. Chiu25, T. Ishizaki5, S. Okumura52, E. Palomba73, C. Pilorget32,74, S. M. Potin13,75, A. Alasli10, S. Anada71, Y. Araki76, N. Sakatani70,5, C. Schultz21, O. Sekizawa49, S. D. Sitzman77, K. Sugiura4, M. Sun17,18,78, E. Dartois79, E. De Pauw31, Z. Dionnet32, Z. Djouadi32, G. Falkenberg80, R. Fujita10, T. Fukuma81, I. R. Gearba43, K. Hagiya82, M. Y. Hu36, T. Kato71, T. Kawamura83, M. Kimura50,51, M. K. Kubo84, F. Langenhorst85, C. Lantz32, B. Lavina86 , M. Lindner30, J. Zhao36, B. Vekemans31, D. Baklouti32, B. Bazi31, F. Borondics87, S. Nagasawa26, 27, G. Nishiyama11, K. Nitta49, J. Mathurin88, T. Matsumoto52, I. Mitsukawa52, H. Miura89, A. Miyake52, Y. Miyake65, H. Yurimoto90, R. Okazaki91, H. Yabuta92, H. Naraoka91, K. Sakamoto5, S. Tachibana11,5, H. C. Connolly Jr.93, D. S. Lauretta94, M. Yoshitake5, M. Yoshikawa5,6, K. Yoshikawa95, K. Yoshihara5, Y. Yokota5, K. Yogata5, H. Yano5,6, Y. Yamamoto5,6, D. Yamamoto5, M. Yamada8, T. Yamada5, T. Yada5, K. Wada8, T. Usui5,11, R. Tsukizaki5, F. Terui96, H. Takeuchi5,6, Y. Takei5, A. Iwamae97, H. Soejima5,97, K. Shirai5, Y. Shimaki5, H. Senshu8, H. Sawada5, T. Saiki5, M. Ozaki5,6, G. Ono95 T. Okada5,98, N. Ogawa5, K. Ogawa5, R. Noguchi99, H. Noda100, M. Nishimura5, N. Namiki100,6, S. Nakazawa5, T. Morota11, A. Miyazaki5, A. Miura5, Y. Mimasu5, K. Matsumoto100,6, K. Kumagai5,97, T. Kouyama101, S. Kikuchi8,100, K. Kawahara5, S. Kameda70,5, T. Iwata5,6, Y. Ishihara102, M. Ishiguro103, H. Ikeda95, S. Hosoda5, R. Honda104,105, C. Honda23, Y. Hitomi5,97, N. Hirata38, N. Hirata23, T. Hayashi5, M. Hayakawa5, K. Hatakeda5,97, S. Furuya11, R. Fukai5, A. Fujii5, Y. Cho11, M. Arakawa38, M. Abe5,6, S. Watanabe106, Y. Tsuda5.
1Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
2NASA Johnson Space Center; Houston TX 77058, USA.
3The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
4Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
5Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
6Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama 240-0193, Japan.
7School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287, USA.
8Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan.
9Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.
10Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
11Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
12Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
13Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, Meudon 92195 France
14Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8567, Japan.
15Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM 87131, USA.
16Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
17Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guangzhou 510640, China.
18CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China.
19Scattering and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan.
20Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University,Sapporo 060-0819, Japan.
21Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
22Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of La Laguna, Tenerife 38205, Spain.
23Aizu Research Center for Space Informatics, The University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu 965-8580, Japan.
24Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195 USA.
25Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.
26 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (The World Premier International Research Center Initiative), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan.
27Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
28Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai 319-1195, Japan.
29Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University; Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.
30Institute of Geoscience, Goethe University, Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
31Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, Ghent, Belgium.
32Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France.
33Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK.
34Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
35Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France.
36Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
37Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan.
38Department of Planetology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
39Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
40School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
41Department of Physics, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1330, Japan.
42Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston TX 77204, USA.
43Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX 78712, USA.
44Department of Geoscience, Virginia Tech., Blacksburg VA 24061, USA.
45Materials Analysis Station, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan.
46Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
47Department of Earth Science, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
48Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
49Spectroscopy Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan.
50Department of Materials Structure Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.
51Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan.
52Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
53Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
54Planetary Science Institute, Tucson AZ 85719, USA.
55The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
56Department of Physics, California State University, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA.
57Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
58Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
59Institute for Planetary Research, Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt, Rutherfordstraße 2 12489 Berlin, Germany.
60Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA 91125, USA.
61 Department of Geosciences, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
62Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
63Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
64European Space Astronomy Centre, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.
65High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai 319-1106, Japan.
66Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
67Hitachi, Ltd., Hatoyama 350-0395, Japan.
68Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori 590-0494, Japan.
69National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan.
70Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
71Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan.
72Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute 480-1192, Japan.
73Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome 00133, Italy.
74Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
75Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
76Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-0058, Japan.
77Physical Sciences Laboratory, The Aerospace Corporation, California 90245, USA.
78University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
79Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
80Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Photon Science, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.
81Nano Life Science Institute (The World Premier International Research Center Initiative), Kanazawa University, 920-1192, Japan.
82Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan.
83Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris 75205, France.
84Division of Natural Sciences, International Christian University, Mitaka 181-8585, Japan.
85Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany.
86Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
87Optimized Light Source of Intermediate Energy to LURE (SOLEIL) Synchrotron, L’Orme des Merisiers, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, F-91192, France.
88Institut Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
89Graduate School of Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8501, Japan.
90 Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
91Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
92Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
93Department of Geology, Rowan University, Glassboro NJ 08028, USA.
94Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona; Tucson AZ 85721, USA.
95Research and Development Directorate, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
96Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.
97Marine Works Japan Ltd., Yokosuka 237-0063 Japan.
98Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
99Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
100National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka 181-8588, Japan.
101Digital Architecture Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan.
102JAXA Space Exploration Center, JAXA, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
103Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
104Department of Information Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
105Center for Data Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
106Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
掲載誌: Science
DOI番号: 10.1126/science.abn8671